PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.